Annotation Protocol for Textbook Enrichment with Prerequisite Knowledge Graph

Extracting and formally representing the knowledge embedded in textbooks, such as the concepts explained and the relations between them, can support the provision of advanced knowledge-based services for learning environments and digital libraries. In this paper, we consider a specific type of relation in textbooks referred to as prerequisite relations (PR). PRs represent precedence relations between concepts aimed to provide the reader with the knowledge needed to understand a further concept(s). Their annotation in educational texts produces datasets that can be represented as a graph of concepts connected by PRs. However, building good-quality and reliable datasets of PRs from a textbook is still an open issue, not just for automated annotation methods but even for manual annotation. In turn, the lack of good-quality datasets and well-defined criteria to identify PRs affect the development and validation of automated methods for prerequisite identification. As a contribution to this issue, in this paper, we propose PREAP, a protocol for the annotation of prerequisite relations in textbooks aimed at obtaining reliable annotated data that can be shared, compared, and reused in the research community. PREAP defines a novel textbook-driven annotation method aimed to capture the structure of prerequisites underlying the text. The protocol has been evaluated against baseline methods for manual and automatic annotation. The findings show that PREAP enables the creation of prerequisite knowledge graphs that have higher inter-annotator agreement, accuracy, and alignment with text than the baseline methods. This suggests that the protocol is able to accurately capture the PRs expressed in the text. Furthermore, the findings show that the time required to complete the annotation using PREAP are significantly shorter than with the other manual baseline methods. The paper includes also guidelines for using PREAP in three annotation scenarios, experimentally tested. We also provide example datasets and a user interface that we developed to support prerequisite annotation

Toward a user-adapted question/answering educational approach

This paper addresses the design of a model for Question/Answering in an interactive and mobile learning environment. The learner's question can be made through vocal interaction or typed text and the answer is the generation of a personalized learning path. This takes into account the focus and type of the question and some personal features of the learner extracted both from the question and prosodic features, in case of vocal questions. The response is a learning path that preserves the precedence of the prerequisite relations and contains all the relevant concepts for answering the user's question. The main contribution of the paper is to investigate the possibility to exploit educational concept maps in a Q/A interactive learning system

linguistically driven strategy for concept prerequisites learning on italian

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assessing the impact of incremental error detection and correction a case study on the italian universal dependency treebank

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Codice Pelavicino. Edizione digitale

Edizione critica digitale del Codice Pelavicino conservato presso l’Archivio Capitolare Lunense (Sarzana); si compone di 426 cc. numerate e 20 cc. non numerate; contiene diversi testi tra cui il Liber Iurium della Chiesa di Luni

Codice Pelavicino. Edizione digitale

Edizione critica digitale del codice noto come Codice Pelavicino conservato presso l’Archivio Capitolare Lunense (Sarzana), manoscritto del XIII secolo, che contiene numerosi documenti dei secoli XI-XIII inerenti la Chiesa di Luni. Principale promotore della sua redazione fu il vescovo di Luni Enrico da Fucecchio, che salì al soglio episcopale nel 1273 e resignò la carica tra il 24 ottobre 1296 e l’inizio del 1297. Al fine di salvaguardare i beni e i diritti della Chiesa di Luni, il vescovo Enrico riorganizzò gli uffici della curia, fece compilare un inventario generale dell’archivio ecclesiastico e attivò uno scrittorio, nel quale lavorarono diversi amanuensi, da cui uscì appunto il codice, che contiene 529 testi diversi. L’edizione digitale attuata tramite codifica della trascrizione, visione contemporanea dell’immagine digitale del codice, accesso all’apparato critico e agli strumenti di corredo, per mezzo del sofware open source EVT

Il Codice Pelavicino tra edizione digitale e Public History

The Codice Pelavicino Digitale Project aims to publish an online digital edition of the relevant manuscript of the XIII century. In this paper features of the edition and related issues are addressed. Secondly we explain motivations for choosing a digital edition as a medium: we address the background, and common concerns in the context of Academy and clerical and historical archives. Finally we give insights on the international standard adopted to markup the text, i.e. XML-TEI, and EVT, a tool adopted to generate the final website and display texts and images

Proceedings of the Fifth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics CLiC-it 2018

On behalf of the Program Committee, a very warm welcome to the Fifth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-­‐it 2018). This edition of the conference is held in Torino. The conference is locally organised by the University of Torino and hosted into its prestigious main lecture hall “Cavallerizza Reale”. The CLiC-­‐it conference series is an initiative of the Italian Association for Computational Linguistics (AILC) which, after five years of activity, has clearly established itself as the premier national forum for research and development in the fields of Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, where leading researchers and practitioners from academia and industry meet to share their research results, experiences, and challenges